Improvement in windows



aten-t @biblica THOIIIAS BULLIVANT, OF LEDBURY ROAD, BAYSWATER, ENGLAND.

lLetters Patent No. 108,443, dated October 18, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN WINDOWS.

Mow- The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making, part VCf the same.

To all 'whom it may concern' Beit known that I, THOMAS BULLWANT, of Lcd-yv bury ItoadBayswater, in the county of Middlesex, England, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in Vif'indow-Sashes, Shutters, and Frames, and in Pulleys for the Same; and I, the said THOMAS BUL'LWANT, do hereby declare the nat-ure of the said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the followingr sta-tement thereof; that is to say-- The invention relates, first, to improvements upon an invention for which Letters Patent of the United States of America were granted to me dated 24th March, 1868, No. 7 5,853, in which the inner and parting-beads, together with the outsidclmings of the sashlframe, as generally employed, were dispensed with', while the sash and sash-frames were provided with vertical slots, in which guides of a peculiar form, at each end covered with flexible material, and fixed to the pulley-cords and weights, were caused to work in such manper as to admit of the removaiof thcsashes, when required, by means of plat-e and stud-distenings.

Now this part of my invention consists in the ernployment of plain guides, in which the projections at each end ot' such guides are dispensed with, thereby obviating the necessity ot' a groove deeper `than the width ofthe guide in which to receive it when it -sprung outward along. its edges, so as to act' as aspringpacking, to prevent any noise or vibration in the sashes, and also to prevent the passage of dust, draught, Vand moisture. If desired, such metallic covering may also be applied to other sides of such guides, the outer' edges ofthe guides being also pressed up by springs acting thereon.

The arrangement ot' pulleys which I prefer v to employ consists of two separate pulleys, which are received into suitable spaces provided for them in a box or cavity above the sashes, and of a screw-bolt or axis, passed through such pulleys and screwed into thc sash frame. 'Ihe head ot the sash-frame is also formed with mortise-holes, to allow thc guides to pass up when required, or, if desired, the guides may bc made in two parts, connected together by any suitable means. In some cases, the cords, weights, and

pulleys may be dispensed with, when I employ one or more adjusting-screws, wedges, keys, or other suitable mcans, to act on the edges of the guides, and press them up tightly in the grooves, so as thereby to apply friction thereto, and ret-ain the sash in any desired position; and

In order that my invention may be more clearly understood and readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawing, more i'ully to describe the same.

Description of thc Drawing.

Figure l is a sectional front view on the line l l of Figure 2, which is a sectional plan on the line 2 2 of fig. l, showing` the mode in which Icarry out the first part of my invent-ion;

Figure 3 is asectional plan on the Alinc 3 3, lig. 1; and

Figure 4 is a vertical section on the line 4 4of fig. 2.

a, is the lower sash, andb is the upper sash, which, it will bc seen, arc provided with grooves, d' b', in which plain guides, c, are held by keys d, as shown, or by other suitable means, there bein g grooves, e, in the sashframe, in which the guides c work. By these means, bysimply removing the keys (Z, or other connections, the guides o are released from the sashes, and are at liberty to slide ont of them,.so as to enable the sashes to be readily removed from their frames without, as

heretofore, having to move the guides sidewise in the grooves in the sash-Stiles.

It will be seen, also, on reference to the drawing, that the guides o, which I prefer to form of wood, are covered with thin sheet-metal, o', on one or more sides, so as to protect them from injury by the weather or use., while I employ springs, j, to act on the edge of the guides c, to prevent any sidewise motion thereof in their grooves. These springs f I form, as shown, of a strip of metal, 'sprung into saw-cuts made in the guides o.

At Figures 5 and 6 I have shown an end view and section to a larger scale of part of a guide, o, in which thc two sides are each covered with a metallic plate, o', the outer edges of which are sprung outward, as shown, to act as a spring packing,'to prevent any noise or vibration in the sashes, and also to prevent the passage of dust, draught, or moisture.

It' desired, the edges of the guides c may also have applied thereto a similar metallic covering. l

The cords g, from the weights, are connected to the guides c by passing into a recess, c2, formed for them in such guides, and being nailed and glued therein, as willbe well understood.

At figs. l, 3, and 4 I have shown the mode I prefer to mount the pulleys when a box or cavity is employed to receive them. This I do by first making suitable recesses in the box or cavity, to'rcceive the pulleys j, and then passing a lscrew-bolt or axis,.j

through the pulleys, such screw-bolt or axis being screwed into the sash-frame, as shown; by these means'facility is afforded for employing larger pulleys than usual.

I sometimes make the guides c entirely of metal, in which case I iind it advisable to line the grooves e in the sash-frame with metal, as shown at Figure 7, to facilitate the action of the parts, and to prevent undue wear. This lining I also sometimes employ with guides, otherwise formed; and I in some cases cause the two sides of' the lining to spring inward, to clip the guides, as shown. v

Figure Sis sectional plan, showing the inode I adopt when dispensing with the cords, weights, and pulleys, similar parts being marked with similar letters of reference to those employed in .the previous igurcs.

ln order that the sashes may be retained in' lany position in which they may be placed, I employ one or more thumb-screws, l, taking into land giving niotion to traveling nuts Z, projections l?, from which are caused to act against one side of the guides c, as shown at iig. 8, or other suitable' means may be employed, to act on the sides or edges of the guides c, to press them tightly -in the grooves, so as thereby to ret-ain the sashes in any desired position.

The invention relates, secondly, to improvel'nents in such description of shutters and shutterfran1es,in

which the shutters are caused to slide with suitable guides; and consists in the employment of grooves, a b', in the shutters, and grooves, e', in the shutterframcs, suitable guides,lc, being fixed in, the grooves c b' by pins, keys, or screws, as described, with referings ordinarily employed. 'Ihe various improvemen iis before referred to are also applicable to shutters.

I have not thought it necessary to give a drawing of this part of my invent-ion, as, with the description already given, such will be readily understood.

Some parts of my invention are applicable to shnt ters and shutter-frames, aswell as to window-sashes.

Having thus described the nature of my Ysaid invention, and the mode in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not con# ne myself to the precise details herein shown and described; but

That I do claim is-v- I -The guides c c, covered with thin sheet-metal, c', fittingand filling grooves in the sash and frame, the sash and guide being held together by the pin d, and the sash being retained in any position by.4 means of traveling nut-s ll and projections Z2, acting against one side of' the guides c c, all constructed, arranged, and operated as set forth.

A T. BULLIVANT. Witnesses FREDK. HARRIS, B, J B. MILLS,

35 S'outlampton Buildings, London.

ence to the sashes, thereby dispensing with the beadthe thujnb-serew l, taking into and giving motion to 

